Paddy(Oryza sativa) cultivation is the most important agricultural operation in the country, not only in terms of food security but also in terms of livelihood. It plays a major part in the diet, economy, employment, culture, and history of India. India is one of the world’s largest producers of rice and brown rice, accounting for 20% of all world rice production, It grows in almost all states in India (West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu & Chhattisgarh are the major states). It is a tropical plant, it flourishes comfortably in a hot and humid climate. It is mainly grown in rain-fed areas that receive heavy annual rainfall. That is why it is fundamentally a Kharif crop in India. It is also grown through irrigation in those areas that receive comparatively less rainfall.
